Cut each crown of broccoli lengthwise into 4 spears. Place the broccoli in a large bowl; toss with olive oil and sprinkle with salt and pepper. Transfer the broccoli to a large, rimmed baking sheet. Add the grated cheese to the same bowl (to be used in step 4).
Roast the broccoli until crisp-tender and the stalks begin to brown, about 25 minutes.
Return the broccoli to the bowl with the cheese. Using tongs, and toss to coat.